Wouldn't putting them in the wheel increase unsprung mass, which would degrade the feel of the car?

I think he was talking about small engines the size/weight of existing disk brake assemblies. So either no change or weight reduction.

Bonus points if you have to heat that crap you call fuel before you inject it into the massive cylinder.

For more than 20 years I've been doing automatic test input reduction as part of testing Common Lisp compilers. The reduction is on randomly generated inputs, but they are structured in such a way that reduction always gives a valid program that should (in the absence of compiler errors) not signal an error.

It's a tremendously economical way to test compilers. For a modest and finite investment in testing infrastructure I get an unlimited number of tests. Over the years I've run many billions of test inputs on various Common Lisp implementations, although I'm mostly focusing on sbcl these days. When a bug is found the input quickly reduces to a something small that usually immediately tells the developers where the problem is (usually but not always something introduced recently.)

I also have a testing harness that cobbles together usually erroneous Lisp code and sees if the compiler blows up (the sbcl compiler as designed must never throw an error condition even on erroneous input.) This exploits a corpus of public Common Lisp code, combining and mutating the code in various ways.

It's my understanding the general mechanism of core collapse involves the adiabatic constant of the material, gamma. This is the exponent in the relation P V^(gamma) = constant.

For a normal, non-relativistic gas in which the particles have no internal degrees of freedom, gamma is 5/3. As a gas becomes more relativistic, and as photon pressure becomes more important, gamma declines toward 4/3.

For gamma = 4/3, a self-gravitating gas will be marginally stable: the energy needed to compress a sphere of the gas will be equal to the gravitational potential energy liberated by the compression. So, any effect that pushes gamma below 4/3 makes it unstable against collapse.

In a conventional core collapse SN this is photodissociation of nuclei, where energy gets soaked up in breaking apart nuclei into alpha particles and then free nucleons. In a pair-instability SN, this is increasing conversion of photons to electron-positron pairs.

* Inadequate exposure to UV leading to depressed vitamin D levels.

Almost all the pesticides you eat are naturally produced by plants, so I dispute your assertion. Plant extracts light up the Ames test for mutagens.

It feels like it's time to start turning the screws on regulation of software engineering.

If productivity is really getting better, regulation can force that productivity to go into increasing software quality.

This reminds me of a poem in Analog Yearbook 2 (1978) by Jeff Rovin, with the title "The Horse That Jack Built".

Science fiction becomes science fact every day.

They also have a large stockpile of reactor grade plutonium. Not the best material for bombs, but workable.

In this context, A is a set, and A + A represents the set of all sums of pairs of elements drawn from A.

The paper doesn't use A^2, but rather |A|^2, which is ordinary squaring of an integer. It does use AA, which is the set of products of pairs of elements drawn from A.